| While at all times, certain groups of people were in | | | | Congress, he organized the first in U.S. history, a |
| a state of involuntary unemployment, | | | | mass campaign of the unemployed on |
| unemployment in its present sense was the | | | | Washington. Hike the so-called "Army of Coke" |
| product of the capitalist system of production. | | | | began in Ohio March 25, 1894. However, at the |
| Increase in the number of enterprises, expansion | | | | time of Washington's approach to the number of |
| of production and increasing specialization of labor | | | | participants of the tour was considerably reduced. |
| contributed to the formation of such a system of | | | | 500 unemployed people arrived in the capital on |
| economic relations in society, in which it became | | | | May 1 with a demand to Congress to fund the |
| inevitable generation of potentially vulnerable | | | | creation of jobs for the unemployed. The |
| groups. | | | | marchers were dispersed by armed police, and |
| To the extent that, as more and more people | | | | the Cox was arrested for assault on someone |
| become employees of companies and enterprises, | | | | else's property (Cox only walked a few meters |
| the more dependent employees from wages, | | | | to a private lawn) and sentenced to 20 days in |
| salaries, fees, medical and social benefits and. etc. | | | | jail. |
| Accordingly, the financial and economic crises, their | | | | The situation changed in the early 20 th century, |
| survival, at least in the current level of | | | | when the pressure from trade unions has |
| development of market relations, depends entirely | | | | increased, and employers were forced to make |
| on the payment by employers. The term | | | | some concessions. It was during this period in the |
| "unemployed" was given its present value in the | | | | U.S. was first developed the first program of |
| late 19 th century. | | | | economic regulation and the payment of |
| Since the Civil War and before World War II, the | | | | unemployment benefits. However, only after the |
| unemployment rate in the U.S. ranged from 4 ... | | | | Great Depression of the 1930's problem began to |
| 5% in relatively good years and reached 15% in | | | | be seriously considered at the state level. Were |
| the period of economic crisis. The problem of | | | | established many programs to combat |
| unemployment has reached its apotheosis in 1930 | | | | unemployment and the state for the first time in |
| during the Great Depression, when in fact about | | | | U.S. history, though unofficially, assumed |
| 25% of Americans were unemployed. | | | | responsibility for providing employment, creating |
| Unemployment was an inevitable attribute of the | | | | many jobs in the public sector. At the same time, |
| American economy, except for the period of the | | | | the popularity of which was the theory of British |
| First and Second World Wars, when the country | | | | economist John Maynard Keynes (formulated, in |
| is able to provide "full employment", and every | | | | particular, his work "General Theory of |
| American who wishes to work, getting work. | | | | Employment, Interest and Money") also |
| The unemployment problem has attracted the | | | | contributed to the creation of new governmental |
| attention of state officials did not immediately. In | | | | mechanisms to combat unemployment. |
| periods of economic disturbances late 19 th | | | | In the 70's and in 1982 the first time since the |
| century, trade unions and political parties | | | | Great Depression of the 30-ies the U.S. |
| representing the interests of workers, began to | | | | unemployment rate surpassed 10%. |
| require the development of special public | | | | Unemployment has reached a particularly high |
| employment programs, as well as assistance | | | | among young people and African Americans. At |
| from state governments and local authorities. For | | | | 50 ... 60's the number of unemployed African |
| example, in 1894, a businessman and a populist | | | | Americans, younger than 25 years, 2 ... 3 times |
| from Ohio Jakob Coxie began to promote the | | | | the number of unemployed whites. The uneven |
| program of state support employment. Under his | | | | distribution of unemployment was also observed |
| plan, the state should have to spend $ 500 million | | | | in various regions of the United States. The main |
| and hire the unemployed to carry out | | | | part of growing unemployment has fallen to |
| government orders. However, his ideas were not | | | | states of the U.S. Midwest in the 70's, and "oil" |
| approved in conservative circles, and when it | | | | states - Texas and Louisiana in the late 80's. |
| became clear that it is not supported as the U.S. | | | | |