Fight Or Flight - Termination of Employment in Thailand

When we perceive a significant threat to us, ourEMPLOYEE UNDER THAI LAWS
bodies get ready either for a fight to the deathMike may file a complaint with the Labour
or a desperate flight from certain defeat by aRelations Committee within 60 days from the
clearly superior adversary. This is the fight ortime his rights had been violated. Thai laws, as we
flight response, certainly understandable andnow know, apply equally to foreigners. The
clearly applicable to a situation where an employeeprotection granted to Thai workers are given in
is about to lose or has actually lost his preciousequal respect to foreigners allowed to work here.
job. But whether to fight the termination of yourAn award will be issued and an order within a
employment or to gracefully accept your fatefurther 90 days, unless the Minister has decided
largely depends on the attendant circumstances.to extend the period for decision.
Take the case of Mike Doe. Mike is an AmericanCRIMINAL ACTION
who came to Thailand after he was offered aMike may also file a criminal complaint against the
teaching job by one of the largest placementemployer, but only after the Labour Relations
agency in Thailand. Prior to his coming here, heCommittee has passed an arbitration award and
was promised reimbursement of all his travelthe employer has failed to comply with the
expenses, a decent housing allowance and a livableCommittee's order.
take home pay. In the employment contract,THE LABOR COURTS
Mike agreed to be assigned anywhere in ThailandOnly Labor courts has jurisdiction over unfair
without regard to the difficulty the relocationtermination cases. This can be the Central Labour
entails. But, to his surprise, he was relocated fiveCourt if the place of work is Bangkok Metropolis
times to distant schools over only a period of oneor its surrounding provinces, a regional or provincial
month. None of what was promised to himlabour court if one has been established in the
before and after he signed the employmentregion or province of the place of work, or a
contract was ever given to him by the agency.Court of First Instance if the place of work is not
Towards the end of his one-month stint, thesituated within the territorial jurisdiction of any
agency started concocting awful stories so theylabour court.
could have a valid ground to terminate Mike, theEXHAUSTION OF ADMINISTRATIVE REMEDIES
worst of which was the accusation of childAdministrative remedies provided under the NMI
molestation. Naturally, Mike was furious. Not onlyand LRA must be exhausted, however, before a
did he spend a lot of money for travel and livinglawsuit may be filed with a labour court.
expenses, but his besmirched reputation followedRECOURSE TO LABOR ORGANIZATIONS
him everywhere he went.Existing labor organizations may represent
To remedy the situation, the agency offered toemployees in labor disputes filed before the labor
pay him 45,000THB and threatened that if hecourts. Only a duly signed power of attorney is
would not accept the money, he will be thrownrequired.
out of Thailand in no time. The amount offered isREISNTATEMENT, AWARDS AND/OR
not even enough to cover the reimbursementsCOMPENSATION
due him. To make matters worse, he was forcedReinstatement to resume status quo at the time
to sign a waiver to file legal action against theof dismissal may be ordered by the court upon a
agency in the guise of a "voluntary resignationdetermination that the employee was indeed
letter". Mike was terminated effectively as far asillegally terminated. If the relationship of the
the agency is concerned when he received a textemployee and the employer has been severely
message saying, "You're fired, man!"damaged so that reinstatement is no longer
To be sure, many of the foreigner teachers whopossible, the court may simply specify the
came to Thailand suffered the same fate. Whatamount of damages to be paid to the employee.
then is a foreigner worker's recourse in such aFactors to be considered in determining the
situation? Does he have a standing to fight theamount of damages include the following: age of
agency for its illegal doings or should he simplythe employee, the length of service, the hardship
take the measly amount, sign the waiver, andof the employee at the time of dismissal, the
board the next plane back to America?cause of the dismissal and the compensation the
REMEDY OF UNLAWFULLY TERMINATEDemployee is entitled to receive.