E-Commerce Law: Website Terms of Use

From a legal standpoint, the most important pageLimitation of Liability. These provisions permit one
of any website may be its Terms of Use page,or both parties to place certain limitations on their
which describes the terms and conditions whichliability for breaching the agreement of the parties.
govern the relationship between the user of theProperly written, Limitation of Liability provisions
website and its publisher. Properly drafted Termscan cap a party's legal exposure for certain
of Use can be an invaluable tool in protectingconduct.
e-commerce businesses from frivolous lawsuitsIndemnification. Indemnification provisions permit a
and crippling legal exposure.party to shift the burden associated with an
Though the Terms of Use used by manyanticipated loss to the other party. In many
websites are similar they are not a "one-size fitsinstances, a website's Terms of Use require the
all" solution. Each e-commerce business has auser of a website to indemnify the website's
unique relationship with its customers which mustpublisher against any losses associated with the
be reflected in its Terms of Use. Moreover,use of the website's content.
Internet contract law differs from jurisdiction toAttorneys' Fees and Costs. In the American
jurisdiction and changes over time, as morejudicial system, a party is generally required to
courts are called upon to interpret and enforcepay his or her own legal fees and expenses, win
these agreements.or lose. However, parties to a contract may, with
In addition to terms and conditions addressing thecertain limitations, require that a party who loses
specific website content at issue, most Terms ofin a legal action brought pursuant to the
Use contain clauses addressing one or more ofagreement pay the attorneys' fees and costs
the following issues:incurred by the prevailing party.
Choice of Forum. Choice of Forum provisionsAs in the drafting of any other written contract,
permit the parties to a contract to select, withbusinesses should seek competent advice from a
certain limitations, the jurisdiction in which anyproperly licensed attorney. The failure to do so
disputes pertaining to their relationship aremay result in Terms of Use that provide no
resolved. In many instances, a website's Terms ofprotection to the e-commerce business or, worst
Use purports to require any legal action pertainingyet, may create legal exposure where none
to the website to be brought in the jurisdiction inpreviously existed.
which the publisher is located, which may be quiteThis article first appeared in "Common Issues
inconvenient for a distant user of the site.Faced by E-Commerce Businesses," a seven-part
Choice of Law. Choice of Law provisions permitseries appearing each Tuesday afternoon on the
the parties to a contract to select, with certainauthor's E-Commerce Law blog. Readers are
limitations, which jurisdiction's laws will be applicablereminded that all of the information in this article is
to their relationship. Generally, a website's Termsprovided for informational purposes only and is
of Use will apply the law of: (1) the jurisdictionnot intended to be a substitute for legal counsel.
whose laws are most favorable to the publisher;No one should act or refrain from acting on the
(2) the jurisdiction in which the publisher isbasis of any content included on this site but
physically located; or (3) the jurisdiction whoseshould instead seek the appropriate legal advice
laws are most familiar to the attorney whoon the particular facts and circumstances at issue
drafted the contract.from a properly licensed attorney.