Dealing With The Contract For Construction

So you've got your drawings and design, yourorders, working times, Insurances to be provided
permits in hand, a pile of money lined up, your(both by the owner and the contractor), who is
Contractor(s) reviewed and selected, and a gleamresponsible for the permits and calling for
in your eye. Well, hang on! The most importantinspections, allowability of overtime, performance
step is yet to come before one nail hits the job.schedules and/or expected date of completion,
Now you have to decide how well you are goingMilestone descriptions and target dates, etc...
to REALLY limit your risk...Always require a schedule from your contractor.
The first concept to get your head firmlyThis can be as elaborate as you like, such as a
wrapped around is this:formal spreadsheet type "Gantt" chart, or as
If you didn't get it in writing, it NEVER HAPPENED.simple as a wall calendar marked up and initialed
Period.by both parties, and included by reference in the
This is so important, I can't stress the conceptcontract. This schedule must of course be
enough. I don't care if it's your brother's buddy orsomewhat flexible, and include time for weather
your Uncle John- a construction project wheredelays, material shortages, and acts of God,
money changes hands in return for work is aamong other variables, but it should NOT be
Business Arrangement, and should be dealt withopen-ended!
accordingly. If not, you can leave yourself open toFinally we come to the Payment terms. These
a huge risk of loss, both financially and spiritually!should include the statement "Contractor agrees
No reputable contractor will have any problemto perform all work as specified, pursuant to the
whatsoever with preparing and executing aterms of this contract along with all exhibits and
written agreement on a project- no matter WHOattachments, for the sum of [list contract sum
they are to you personally; In fact, they willhere]. to be paid as follows: [list payment schedule
admire and respect your intelligence andhere]".
responsibility. You see, a properly drafted contractAgain, the terms of payment may be as
protects them as much as it does you...elaborate as you care to make them. I always
The actual Contract need not be elaborate, butrecommend that any and all payments be tied to
there are certain sections that are vital. The firstperformance of some specific milestone or event,
is the names of the parties or entities executingsuch as: xx% down; xx% upon completion of
the agreement, the date the agreement is beingfoundation work and backfilling; xx% upon
entered into, and the legal description of thecompletion of rough framing and exterior
property being improved. If it is an establishedenclosure; etc...Trust me, your contractor may
structure with a postal address, that full addressnot like this, but be adamant. You have NO
is usually sufficient. If raw land or an unimprovedOTHER "stick to beat them with" except your
lot, you will need to list the survey informationcheckbook! Use it firmly but fairly. Once again, a
which includes: the County, Township, Section, andreputable and honest contractor should have no
Range, among other details. You can get thisproblem with this: it is actually to their benefit, as
information from the title or deed, or from yourit clearly defines when they are going to get paid
local County or Township Government offices.as well! If they want to get paid, they have to
Second, you should clearly list the entire scope ofperform. Simple as that.
work. If you are acting as the GeneralLast but not least, include places for all parties
Contractor, you will need to prepare a separateinvolved to sign and date the Contract. In the
contract for each Sub-Contractor. If you don'tcase of a private property, all persons listed on
have drawings and specifications for the project,the title should sign (husband and wife both, all
you will want to list exactly what you arepartners, etc.). In the footer, include a statement
expecting to be done: for example, remove anddetailing how a dispute will be resolved, and where.
dispose of existing kitchen countertops; ProvideI live near my state border, and there are a lot
and install new countertops and 4" back splash asof contractors that cross the line to work. If you
manufactured by [insert vendor], style [insertdon't want to have to travel in case of a suit
style and type], color [insert color]. You don't needbeing filed against you out of area, you should call
to list every screw and nail, however theout what state and court system to be used in
"standard of work" statement "All work shall becase of a dispute, such as "This contract shall be
performed in a competent, workmanlike fashion,administered under the laws of the state of
following accepted industry trade practices" should[insert state]. Venue for any dispute shall be the
be included. This allows you to have an impartial[insert judicial circuit or court and county].
third party expert inspect the work and give anIn closing, let's summarize what the contract
opinion as to the suitability of the work in case ofshould include:
a dispute or before making final payment (see- Names of parties to the Contract
chapter on close out).- Date Contract entered into
A quick and clean way to enumerate the scope- Detailed scope of work and document
of work is to attach the quote to the contract asreferences
"Exhibits". If you are satisfied that the quote you- Special conditions to the Contract
received from your chosen contractor is detailed- Schedules and Milestones
enough, simply call it out in the contract, for- Payment amounts and terms
example: All work to be as per the quote for- Signatures of all parties involved with dates
[short description here], prepared by [contractor- Venue for dispute resolution
name], dated [date here], which is herebyFollowing these simple rules will help ensure that
attached as [exhibit A, B, etc...] and is/are includedyou have a good experience with your project,
by reference. If you have drawings, include aand go a long way towards avoiding disputes.
reference to them as well, and list all pages, suchDisclaimer: The Author, while an experienced
as: "[And/Or] as per the drawings andContractor and Construction Manager, is NOT an
specifications as prepared by [Architect orattorney, and no part of this article should be
designer here], dated [date here], [revisions ifconstrued as the giving of legal advice. Contract
any], sheets [list all: A-1, A-2, E-1, etc...], and is/arelaws vary widely from state to state, and can be
included by reference. After the detailed scope ofvery complex depending on the scope of the
work, remember to include the "Standard ofproject. You are encouraged to seek competent
Work" statement from the last section!legal advice from a licensed Attorney before
Third, list any special conditions for the project,relying on any information or language in this
such as the process for dealing with changearticle, and before executing any contract.