Corporate Bankruptcy - Protecting the Owners Or the Business?

For purposes of this article, usage of the wordcorporation does not affect their individual liability
corporation also includes partnerships and LLCs.either way.
Many times, corporate owners looking intoSo, in short, whether or not a corporation
bankruptcy aren't actually concerned with thereceives a discharge of debts is a big "who
effect on the corporation, but on themselvescares?" because it simply doesn't affect anything.
personally. This article examines the fallacies andIf a corporation is going out of business, it simply
misconceptions held by many such corporatedoesn't matter whether the debts are discharged
owners.or not because the corporation's creditors will just
There are two bankruptcy choices for asue the corporation and recover against whatever
corporation: Chapter 11 or Chapter 7.assets of the corporation are available and that
Chapter 11 allows the business of the corporationdoes not affect the principals of the corporation.
to continue and reorganize the debts by proposingMost of the time, these corporate owners are
a repayment plan to creditors. Creditors get toactually looking to do is file a bankruptcy for
vote for or against the plan. A full treatment ofthemselves personally. In such cases, they should
Chapter 11is beyond the scope of this article.consult with a bankruptcy attorney about an
Chapter 7 is a liquidation of the corporation'sindividual bankruptcy case.
assets. When a Chapter 7 case is filed aBut, there are times where filing a Chapter 7 case
corporation must stop doing business, if it is stillfor a corporation is beneficial such as where the
operating. A Trustee is appointed to sell thecorporation has assets and wants to stop doing
corporate assets and disburse the proceeds inbusiness. In such a case, having an independent
accordance with statute to creditors. It is veryTrustee appointed to sell and disburse assets to
important to understand that corporations docreditors can eliminate that responsibility for the
NOT receive a discharge of debts in a Chapter 7owner(s) of the corporation and releases them
case.from liability for not having properly disbursed
Many corporate owners are confused about thiscorporate assets and winding up the corporation
basic truth. The confusion apparently stems fromproperly. this satisfies the fiduciary duty all
the fact that many business owners do notcorporate officers have to the corporation's
understand that a corporation is a separate legalcreditors when a corporation becomes insolvent.
entity (which is, presumably, why it was formedAnother benefit of filing a Chapter 7 for a
to begin with). Whether or not a corporation filescorporation is that it puts all the corporation's
bankruptcy has nothing to do with any personalcreditors on notice that the business is terminating
obligation the owners or officers of theand whatever assets may be available will be
corporation may have. For example, if the ownerdistributed through the bankruptcy, and that will
of a corporation signed personal guarantees onbe all. Thus, there would be no reason for the
certain corporate debts, or has personal taxcreditors to sue the corporation post-bankruptcy,
liability for corporate tax obligations (such aswhereas if a bankruptcy is not filed, the owner of
employee payroll trust fund taxes), that obligationthe corporation may have to continually appear in
does not disappear unless and until those debtscourt to inform the judgment creditors that the
are paid. So unless there are enough assetscorporation is no longer operating and has no
available in the corporation to pay all those debts,assets.
the owner will still be obligated on those debts forIt can help when you're consulting with a
which they are personally liable regardless of whatbankruptcy attorney to understand the basic
the corporation does. Filing bankruptcy for theconcepts above.