Are You Entitled to Overtime Compensation?

The issue of whether an employee is entitled toweeks. Further, State overtime law doesn't apply
overtime compensation has been a hotlyto employees covered by a collective bargaining
contested and litigation issue lately in California.agreement that provides an hourly rate at least
The main reason behind his is the fact that30% than the minimum wage, and "premium"
whether an employee is entitled to overtimewage rates for overtime work.
wages is a factual inquiry that depends on the4. The time that counts toward overtime except
specific facts and circumstance of one'sregular working hours: Stanby or "on call" time
employment.may be compensable under Federal law, if it is
There are, however, several hard principles thatspent primarily for the benefit of the employer
are important to be aware of with regard toand his business. This of course, depends on the
overtime wages, whether you are an employerspecific circumstances of each case. Under
or an employee:California law, an employee must be paid for time
1. Overtime compensation cannot be waived. Anyconsidered to be on duty while on employer's
agreement by an employee to waive overtimepremises.
pay or to accept less that the statutory rate heJust setup and preparation time may also be
is due is invalid and unenforceable. In other words,compensable if these activities are an integral part
even if the employer and employee sign a writtenof the employee's principal activity, such as oiling,
agreement in which they will agree that thegreasing and cleaning an operating machine before
employee will not seek overtime pay, theusing it as part of the job duties.
employee will still be able to sue and prevail inTravel time and commuting between home and
later demanding overtime pay for the hourswork is generally not compensable under the
worked in excess of the statutory workweek.Portal-to-Portal Act. Even if the employer provides
2. Overtime rate of wage - in California, thea car for the employee's use in commuting to and
employer must be employee one-and-a-half timefrom work does not make the commute time
of his "regular" rate for each and every hourcompensable.
worked above 40 hours per week, or for anyMeal periods generally not compensable if the
time worked beyond 8 hours per day. Theemployee is relieved of all duties. If, however, an
employer is to pay double time when theemployee may not leave the workplace (gas
employee works over 12 hours in a day. Understation employees, 7/11, etc...), the meal period
state law, the regular rate of pay is calculated bycounts as time worked for overtime purposes,
dividing a weekly salary into 40 hours or a normaleven if the employee is relieved of all work duties
workweek. Regular rate includes bonuses andduring mealtime.
commissions that the employee might be earningTraining - time spend attending lectures, training
as part of his wages. That the commission is paidprograms or meetings is not compensable if (i)
on a basis other than weekly, and that paymentthe attendance is outside regular working hours,
is delayed for a time past the employee's normal(ii) voluntary, (iii) the session covers material not
pay day or pay period, do not excuse thedirectly related to the employee's job, and (iv) if
employer from including this payment in thethe employee does not perform any productive
employee's regular rate.work during the session.
3. Certain employees are exempt from overtimeNo seven-day work weeks - California law
laws. Under federal law, workers employed in aprovides that every employee is entitled to one
bona fide executive, administrative or professionalday's rest in seven and prohibits employers from
capacity are exempt from overtime wagerequiring employees to work more than six days
benefits.in seven consecutive days. This seventh-day-off
Certain kinds of employees are also exempt fromrequirement does not apply where the employee
overtime rules as a matter of law. This includeworks fewer than 30 hours a week or six hours
amusement park/recreational park employees,in any one day during the week.
outside sales persons, seamen, criminal5. Taking time off in lieu of overtime - Under
investigators, computer system analysts, babyCalifornia law, employers may not require
sitters and personal attendants.employees to take time off in lieu of overtime
If negotiated as part of Collective Bargainingcompensation. But employees have the right to
Agreement, employers may require employees torequest compensatory time off at the rate of
work more than 40 hours per week withoutone-and-one-half hours off for each hour of
overtime pay, provided that no more than 1,040overtime worked provided that a written
hours are worked during any period of 26agreement establishes this arrangement before
consecutive weeks; or no more than 2,240 hoursperformance of the work.
are worked during any period of 52 consecutive